Below are several commonly used tool

 for example, discusses the design of single-crystal diamond tool.
Turning your computer's hard substrate
Computer hard disk substrate is used for information storage, the material is aluminum or aluminum alloy, the surface roughness of the substrate, the lower storage density, thus reducing the surface roughness of the processing is critical. The same time as the substrate thickness is less than 0.9mm, in order to prevent deformation, should minimize the cutting forces and extrusion processing.
Cutting hard substrate with masonry blades   good rigidity and stability using ultra-precision lathe disk. Cutting depth of about 0.01 ~ 0.02mm, the feed is about 0.5mm.
Rigid disk substrate of single crystal diamond tools shown in Figure 1 the shape of the tip. Head has two main cutting edges, the processing can influence the infeed. Longer wiper ensures two directions machining wiper flank wear will not interfere with each other. Two master in the feed direction of the rake face downtilt 5 °, to obtain about 2.5 ° negative rake angle, the chips flow surface to be processed, in order to avoid scratching the chip surface has been processed. Very sharp diamond tools, edge radius is smaller than 100nm, 5 ° after the angle of the flank face has been sufficiently reduced to the machined surface of the extrusion and friction.
The key quality requirements of the tool blade and the tip is observed under the microscope at 500 times the defect. The design principle is equally applicable to other ultra-precision mirror surface processing tool.
Jewellery approved spent knife
Jewellery approved spent knife used in gold, silver jewelry milled leaf-shaped patterns, is actually a molding cutter, its granite polishing pad  head shape shown in Figure 2. Sharp knife at between 110 ° ~ 150 °, to accommodate different size and depth of the pattern processing. As approved spending machine structure is simple, poor rigidity, vibration, combined use of intermittent dry cutting, processing conditions are very poor, so the batch spent knife blade needs to have a strong impact resistance. 5 ° negative rake angle and 1 ° ~ 1.5 ° angle can effectively increase the rear edge strength, while the smaller rear corner between the tool and the workpiece can make proper squeeze by, the cutting will not "guilty" to prevent cutting vibration In the machined surface "chatter."
Batch processing jewelry case and took the knife and some high-light decorative parts with a tool roughly the same design principles, such tools requires 200 to 500 times the blade under the microscope without chipping.
Contacts Tool
Very soft contact lens material, and  Diamond tool a certain tensile strength, generally circular material cutter blade of the knife is too large, difficult to make cutting. Since there after turning a polishing step, thus turning the surface roughness of only required to achieve Ra0.1μm, turning the main purpose of having a convex curved surface shape precision, the main requirements of the tool sharp blade sex. The head shape of the lens turning tool shown in Figure 3. To meet the needs of the cutting surface of the concave circular arc, using a 15 ° relief angle, requires the blade under a microscope at 100 times without chipping.
3 single crystal diamond tool use and maintenance
Single-crystal diamond tool brittleness, combined very sharp shocks prone to chipping, so far as possible in a smooth, vibration-free working conditions of use; while also maximizing the workpiece and tool chucking rigidity and the entire rigidity of the system to increase its anti-vibration capability. Cutting the amount of not more than 0.1mm appropriate.