What is the diamond grinding wheel

 The main properties of diamond wheel which has a diamond wheel for which such extraordinary nature? For more details, see the following description. First diamond grinding wheel with polishing pads   high grinding efficiency, while consuming relatively slow wheel; grinding wheel has a certain flexibility, help to improve the surface roughness, mainly for grinding, half grinding, knife grinding, polishing and other processes; since sharpening, grinding, heat a small, easy to plug, reducing the grinding burn sds hammer drill bits  occurs when the phenomenon of work; resin bond diamond wheel diamond grinding wheel is a low temperature curing, short production cycle, equipment and supply process is relatively simple; due to resin has fluidity, easily molded complex plane of the wheel. According to Model Variety for the election (parallel to the grinding wheel, grinding wheel parallel with the arc, double-sided concave grinding wheel, dual bevel wheels, bowl-shaped grinding wheel) and so on. Their purpose: Parallel grinding wheel: mainly used for ceramic tile saw  carbide cylindrical grinding and edge processing; parallel with the arc Wheel: mainly used for grinding and shaping carbide forming circular surface grinding and so on. Analysis of the above are some of the major features diamond wheel introduction process.

Some natural granite introduction

A dark acidic igneous rocks, commonly known as granite. Carbon dioxide content of more than 70%. Lighter in color, with gray, red concrete diamond blades  meat are more common. Mainly composed of quartz, feldspar and biotite and other dark mineral composition. Quartz content of 20% -40%, alkali feldspar than plagioclase feldspar total about 2/3 or more. For a variety of alkali feldspar and albite feldspar, plagioclase mainly sodium oligoclase or longer stone. Dark minerals are dominated by biotite, with hornblende. With porphyritic granite structure or structures. By containing mineral species can be divided into biotite granite, muscovite granite, hornblende granite core bits  granite, two-mica granite, etc., constructed according to the structure can be divided into fine-grained granite, medium-grained granite, coarse-grained granite, porphyritic granite, porphyritic Granite, geode granite and gneissic granite; according contain minerals can be divided into cassiterite granite, granite containing niobium, beryllium-containing granite, lithium mica granite, electrical granite. Common length petrochemical, greisenized tourmalinization other self metamorphism. Granite is a rock widely distributed in various geological era has outputs. Morphological mostly batholith, rock plants, rock bell. In Genesis, the view was expressed that the crust is deep granite granitic magma crystallization by condensation or crystallization of basaltic magma Plate Compactor  differentiation is made, it was considered to be the depth of metamorphism and metasomatism caused by the granite of the result. Many non-ferrous minerals such as copper, lead, zinc, tungsten, tin, bismuth, molybdenum, precious metals such as gold, silver and other metals, rare metals such as niobium, tantalum, beryllium, radioactive elements such as uranium, thorium, etc., are related to granite.

marble processing procedures

Marble composite panels, by definition is marble with other materials have been processed by the performance of the original marble plates. Specifically, it has the following characteristics:
①, marble composite board broken concrete drill bits  force of 258N/cm, more than 3 times stronger than the original plate.
②, no efflorescence yellowing: Because marble floor tiles and resin composite panels barrier layer of water and corrosive substances, eliminating the wet marble and cement paste after efflorescence yellowed common problem, wall stone can be directly wet paste, which hanging saving costs and reducing pendant hanging lugs and the space occupied by increasing the use of space.
③, Light weight: marble composite board panels and light weight than the original more than 2 times.
④, facilitate the construction: Marble tile composite panel construction method can be used instead of marble construction methods, so ease of construction, saving construction costs.
⑤, bond strength ideal: the tests show that the adhesion force: 91 N/cm2, specification is 600 * 600mm marble composite board 33 tons of gravitation would not be peeling.
⑥, heat resistance: marble composite panels soaking for a long time (120 hours) at 100 ℃ environment, no peeling, discoloration or other abnormal reflection.
⑦, low water absorption: marble composite plate on the back of ceramic tiles complete adhesion, the water absorption (0.13%) is low, less than 0.2%, not cracking.
⑧, smooth surface: marble composite board than the carbide tipped saw blade  original plate surface smoothness is very good.
⑨, low prices: As with a thin stick to the thick slab of marble tile, marble composite panels so the price is lower than the original board about 30%.
⑩, specifications and diverse: specifications for the 600 * 600mm and above, a variety of specifications marble composite panels husband or other specifications according to customer requirements of production.
Marble composite plate machining program
First select marketable grade marble varieties, and purchase specifications for 610 * 610mm blank tiles (ie not polished on the surface of the shaft tiles).
1. Sawing wool board: the marble blocks in the way cutting machine to machine to a thickness of 14mm, size 610 * 610mm wool board, then dry.
2. Bonding: The blank tile flat, face up, while the rough surface tiles and marble painted wool board side of the prepared adhesives, adhesive may be coated evenly and thin, uniform is all on the plate can not be applied to the left and uniform holes, otherwise it will affect sheet strength and fracture easily during grinding; book is suitable for bonding needs, just right, thick lead to waste and increasing sheet thickness. Then the hair is coated with the adhesive side down on the positive plate together with an adhesive in the coating on a rough tile; then again in the polished marble plates while the upper and the front of another piece of blank tiles coated thin wet saw blades  and uniform adhesive, then the other one is coated with adhesive on one side of the rough marble tiles together wool board, and then in the above press (available as a box of 10 weight 305 * 305mm sheet pressure at the top), after After more than 10 hours of consolidation, it becomes rough and down to the middle of the floor tiles marble composite wool board.
3. Of the profile: the top and bottom of the middle of rough marble composite tiles wool board mounted in the horizontal plane of the profile, right profile for the two side while the other side is rough marble tiles marble composite wool board.
4. Controlled thickness: Because marble composite wool board is made of marble, bonding agents and blank tiles composed of three, it is inevitable differences in thickness. Must therefore be controlled thickness. The marble composite marble wool board side up, thick machine controlled by controlling thickness to achieve the same thickness.
5. Polishing: After controlling thick marble and marble composite wool board up using ten continuous grinding and polishing, became high gloss marble composite wool board.
6. Cutting and chamfering: After grinding and polishing marble composite wool board cut by a cutting machine 600 * 600mm specification composite board, and then chamfered edges, became marble composite board products. Processed marble composite board finished thickness of 13mm, marble composite panel thickness of only 2 ~ 3 mm. The marble composite board finished packing, packing can be sold.

red granite plate production processes and points to note

Granite is a volcanic lava from the under considerable pressure in a molten state to the granite surface crust uplift, magma is not ejected the ground, and slowly cooled and solidified in the sds drill bits  ground structure formed after the rock, a Acid plutonic igneous rock types, are igneous rocks. Igneous, also called acid crystals plutonic igneous rock is the most widely distributed as a rock, its composition of silica-based, accounting for about 65% -75%.
Benefits include granite features high load resistance, compressive strength and good ductility grinding, granite very easy to cut and shape, you can create a thin slab, etc. In short, granite with superior endurance capacity.
Granite red plate production process and technology:
First of ferric chloride dissolved in water, and add a small amount of a catalyst made of stain.
Then put into granite and edge polishing pads  completely immersed in the staining solution.
After a certain time in the soaking removed for cleaning, drying, color is obtained after red granite.
(Note soaking time should be according to Stone, color, water absorption, stone clearance and so different to set)
Manufacturing production process should pay attention to the main points:
Color concentration: Different concentrations to get different color effects, the production should look at the actual case may be, the general concentration of 20% for the best.
Soaking time: to have tile cutting blades  enough time to good coloring short time, but the time is too long the job efficiency is not high. Generally take 3-4 hours as well.
Color liquid PH value: PH value is too large and too small right after the color change and gloss granite color is not good, and generally two for the best.
Drying temperature: generally choose 200-250 ℃ (Celsius) is appropriate.
Drying time: usually about 2 hours.

diamond cutter cutting broaches

 Diamond Tool Broach Cutting The main features are: put the package can be processed repeatedly LJ Tong PCT, broaching Browse Medical fish,
2. Broaches the  diamond blades surface being processed by different parts which can be divided into Dan Wei and at fullback.
3. Broach according to the structure can be divided into the wall to make each other, make each other hydrocarbons, assembled and tipped-in.
4. Used in different ways by picking knife can be divided into broaches, visiting pad Wei Wei and Ying wall.
5. Broach working part of the  tile saw blade structure parameters are: fish, so the amount of /:, on the front of each tooth fish eight
Width 5. , And the adjacent teeth flute.
6. Broaching cutting layer dimensions are: over-pack than the name Yap B "ugly toe Cliff Kennedy was a guard at Collage area plastic.
7. Broaching ways: Jinxing Li, male silk arts and mutual funds.
8. Layered broaching into each other once PCT Kyu and composition.
9. Broach test are: Tanga while granite polishing pad  I was picking teeth, and pick up the Star Fort Gordon, David Fish degrees picking pad test.
10. Currently in production mainly by promoting the use of less room male spline broach diamond tools.

diamond tool section

Many different types of diamond cutting tools such as lathe, planer, milling and drilling tools, etc. They geometric shapes, varying degrees of complexity, but they are part of the structure and  green concrete blades geometry of the cutting angles have many common features, which are the most commonly used tools, the simplest and most basic cutting tools, and thus the most representative. Other diamond turning tool can be regarded as a combination or deformation. Therefore, the study of metal cutting tools, generally an example research and analysis tools.7.3.1 Composition of turning
Turning from the cutting portion, handle two parts. Cutting portion undertake machining tasks shank for clamping on the machine tool holder. By a number of side cutting portion of the cutting edge components. We used external turning tool is controlled by a nose, two cutting edges, consisting of three flank
1 flank
(L) on the tool rake face Aγ diamond chip flow over the surface;
(2) and the workpiece flank Aα cutting surface opposite to the flank;
(3) minor flank Aα the machined surface opposite flank.
 (2) cutting edge
(1) S before the main cutting edge rake face and the flank line of intersection, assume the primary cutting work;
(2) the secondary cutting edge rake face and the sub S flank line of intersection bears a small amount of cutting work.
(3) tip is the main and secondary cutting edge intersects the point, in fact, impossible to grind very tip of the point, but by a polyline or arc composed of tiny, tiny tip radius of the arc is called arc
Radius, expressed by rε
 7.3.2 diamond tool geometry reference system
In order to facilitate the identification of turning on the geometry, often choose a frame of reference as a benchmark by measuring the flank or cutting edge relative to the reference frame coordinate plane angle values ​​to reflect their spatial orientation.
Diamond tool geometry reference system there are two types, diamond tool mark angle reference lines and diamond cutter working angle reference system.
1 diamond cutter marked angle reference system
(1) Assumptions diamond cutter marked angle concrete saw blades  reference system is designed to mark the diamond cutter, grinding and measuring angles benchmarks defined in this basis, said diamond cutter diamond tool angle marked angle. In order to make the coordinate reference system with the sharpening plane, measuring datum consistent with the following assumptions special provisions.
Assuming motion condition ① with the main motion vectors instead of the relative motion vc approximate rate of synthesis vector ve (i.e. vf = 0).
② Assuming installation conditions require Arbor centerline and perpendicular to the feed direction of movement; tip and the center of the workpiece contour.
(2) Diamond point of reference annotation tool types according ISO3002/1-1997 standard recommends, diamond tool mark angle reference system with orthogonal planes of reference, the normal plane of reference and assuming that the work plane reference frame three.
① orthogonal plane of reference plane orthogonal plane reference system consists of the following three components:
Orthogonal planes of reference
Base pr is over a selected point on the cutting edge parallel to or perpendicular to the manufacture diamond tools, grinding, and the measurement is suitable for mounting or locating a plane or axis generally perpendicular to its orientation to the main movement direction of the assumed . Turning the base surface are parallel to its bottom surface.
Ps is the main cutting plane through a selected point of the cutting edge and the main cutting edge and perpendicular to the tangent plane of the base plane.
Po is perpendicular planes over a selected point of the cutting edge and perpendicular to both the plane of the base surface and the cutting plane.
Over the main and secondary cutting edge of a selected point can create orthogonal planes of reference. Base surface pr, the main cutting plane ps, is
Cross-plane po three planes perpendicular to each other in space. ② France France plane of reference plane of reference by the pr, ps and France plane pn components. Wherein the method is a planar pn over a selected point of the cutting edge perpendicular to the plane of the cutting edge
③ assuming that the glass blades  work plane is assumed working plane reference frame of reference by the pr, pf and pp components. Pf is assumed that the work plane through the cutting edge parallel to a selected point and the assumed feed motion perpendicular to the plane of the base plane. Back plane pp is over a selected point of the cutting edge perpendicular to assume that both the feed movement and the plane perpendicular to the basal plane. Marked diamond tool design, grinding, the most common is the measured angle orthogonal planes of reference.
1 diamond cutter working angle reference system
Working angle diamond tool diamond cutting tool reference system is working angle reference (without regard to assumptions), as defined in this basis, said diamond cutter diamond tool angle working angle. It also has orthogonal planes of reference, the normal plane of reference and assuming that the work plane of reference.

main cutting diamond tool cutting edge orthogonal planes

In the main cutting diamond tool cutting edge perpendicular to the plane (OO) the angle measurement
(1) the rake angle of the rake face and go angle between the base surface. Parallel to this flank and the sand paper  base surface, the first angle is zero. Less than the rake face base surface, the rake angle is negative. The rake face than the base surface, the rake angle is positive.
(2) After the angle ao flank angle between the cutting plane.
(3) bo wedge angle between the rake face and the flank angle.
The size of the wedge angle of the cutting portion section will affect the size of the diamond cutting tool determines the intensity of the portion, which the front and rear corner angle ao go following relationship 3 in the cutting plane (S direction) angle measured
Ls main cutting edge blade angle and the angle between the base surface. The provisions of the positive and negative edge inclination as shown in Figure 7.3.8. Tip at the sds hammer drill bits  highest point, the blade angle is positive; tip at its lowest point, the blade angle is negative; cutting edge parallel to the bottom surface, the blade angle is zero. ls = 0 is called the cutting angle cutting, then the main cutting edge and cutting direction perpendicular to the chip along the cutting edge normal outflow. ls ≠ 0 is called oblique cutting of the cutting, then the direction of the main cutting edge and the cutting speed is not perpendicular to the flow of the chip and the cutting edge is inclined at an angle method 4 in the secondary cutting edge perpendicular to the plane of diamond tool (O'-O ') of the angle measurement
Secondary clearance ao 'flanks and the secondary cutting edge angle between the cutting plane.
The geometric angles, the fibre discs  most commonly used is the rake angle (go), posterior horn (ao), the main angle (kr), blade angle (ls), Vice-angle (kr ') and the Deputy posterior horn (ao') , commonly referred to common angle, parts of the diamond cutting tool geometry, the angle of the base out of the bus to complete expression geometry blade cutting portion, reflecting characteristics of the diamond cutting tool. er, bo is derived angle. 7.3.4 Diamond Tool working angle
Cutting process, due to the installation location of the diamond cutter, diamond cutting tool on the workpiece relative motion between the situation changes, the actual functioning of the angle and perspective of different dimension, we call these angles as the working angle.

cutter mold industry consumption characteristics

Diamond tool manufacturers say that in order to achieve mold lean manufacturing, mold enterprise scientific organization tool procurement and inventory management, need to study and  metal drill bits explore how to ensure that the production line functioning circumstances reduce tool inventory of funds used to optimize the tool's minimum inventory settings, the tool the starting point of purchase, purchase frequency and reasonable tool procurement quantities, to establish an effective early warning system tool, emergency response mechanisms and rapid response mechanism, there is a scientific and effective way tracking, status monitoring tool inventory and  carbide saw blades procurement status. It is understood that 68.5% of the total cost of the user enterprise cost of tools for less than 3%, and developed the tool manufacturing costs accounted for about 4% of the production costs, constitute a big gap, which is caused by the low level of China's manufacturing cutting a factor.
China mold industry is fragmented, low-scale, low-level phenomena, China mold manufacturer is only a handful of a few particularly large scale, and the remaining are mostly small and medium scale. These conditions determine the mold industry users of the tool features: procurement volume increased, and the number of frequent purchases, ie up to two months or so purchasing one, this reflects the consumer market is relatively mature, the mold industry in developing the budget tool users more inclined on flexibility, rather than retaining excess inventory. Meanwhile, the ring saw blades  user purchases the flexibility for those who have not yet entered the tool provider, the market provides ready access to opportunities. As demand procurement, have been replaced with another brand competition is also increasing.

diamond cutter tool wear and process parameters

Diamond hard chemicals belonging to a substance, so the diamond tool is manufactured so hard, diamond tool wear and tool process parameters and the coordination between process parameters have a great relationship, it is necessary to process parameters optimized.
(1) Processing Conditions
Because diamond tool wear their concrete saw blades  load status are closely related, so the processing conditions will have a significant impact on wear. Daixiang Guo and other analysis of engineering ceramic diamond wheel cutting wheel life when the process parameters on the impact that when the other parameters constant, corresponding to the depth of each cut exists an optimum wheel speed; when the cutting depth and the wheel speed is constant, there is a optimum feed rate; various process parameters on the grinding wheel wear effects radial order was: wheel speed - cutting depth - feed speed. Tool wear and machining process parameters and the core drill bits  coordination between process parameters have a great relationship, it is necessary to optimize the process parameters. ZJPei analyzed the situation when grinding wafers, the following conclusions: When the wheel speed is 4350rpm, chuck speed is 590rpm, the grinding force increases, when it reaches a certain peak, back to a lower value, and Click cycle continues, gradually become dull wheel described, when the grinding force reaches a certain value, broken grains; when the wheel speed is 2175rpm, the chuck speed of 40rpm, the grinding wheel when the grinding force is smaller broken. Therefore, the grinding force is substantially constant and high wear rates.
(2) Work material
Different workpiece materials, the sanding belt   fracture toughness, hardness etc difference is large, also affects the properties of the workpiece material wear of diamond tools. It is a professional with a diamond saw cutting tool wear when different stone and said: When cutting hard granite, the diamond saw abrasive wear is mainly macro broken and fall off, because the holding power is not enough, the cutting conditions bad; when cutting softer granite, the full microscopic crystal and abrasive crushing larger proportion, while still high proportion of grain shedding, such wear to keep the blade cutting capacity. XU Xi Peng said: granite in different minerals is to determine the nature and mechanism of deformation failure mode of diamond key. Quartz content is higher, the more intense wear diamond; orthoclase content is clearly high, the sawing process is relatively difficult to carry out; under the same cutting conditions, coarse granularity finer granularity than granite granite more difficult to cleavage fracture occurs.

diamond grinding wheels made of

diamond cutter is made of diamond saws
The diamond tool machining brittle materials There are a variety of diamond saws and diamond grinding wheel, despite the application of various tools and processing characteristics are different, but the wear mechanisms are roughly the same, diamond grade, content, particle size, binder and diamond shape matching and tools related factors with the  diamond discs tool itself is an important factor affecting tool wear.
Typically diamond content, low power consumption is also low; however diamond content is too low, the macro may be exacerbated by fragmentation, resulting in a lack of blade height, so that power consumption actually increased; diamond content is high, the power consumption increases, leading diamond shedding tool-resistant grindability decreased. If the diamond grade higher in the case of lower levels, and its crystal structure was still intact higher nodal high abrasion resistance, low power consumption, but the diamond grade should be selected to match with the binding agent. Wu Jian and other analysis of diamond quality dispersion of the impact of the sawing process, pointing out that the wear resistance of diamond quality is good, must require binding agent also has good wear resistance, the only way to give full play to the role of high-quality diamond. While the low-quality diamond, due  9 inch saw blade to its compressive strength and impact resistance are poor, even easier cutting also occurs when the mineral composition of obvious wear and broken, especially difficult in the face of the cutting portion, generally occurs macro broken cutting ability and lose, then the wear resistance of the binding agent is required to be relatively low, in order to ensure there is enough of the diamond blade height. At the same time, should try to reduce the hole saw blades  quality of the diamond dispersion. By analyzing vitrified diamond grinding wheel spindle machining Sapphire deformation process (grinding required by deformation indicates normal load changes) and found that it becomes a periodic change, indicating wheel with self sharpness because vitrified grinding wheels wear of the material is brittle fracture binding agent, which will quickly a new abrasive grains. The metal and resin bonded grinding wheel wear is mainly friction and wear and abrasion. YCFu grinding wheel is given such an optimization model, through this model, according to the processing requirements and parameters to optimize grinding wheel (including grain size, concentration, stretched out rate and effective abrasive space), but also according to wheel optimization of grinding parameters and processing requirements (including grinding depth, wheel speed and workpiece feed rate). In addition there are many scholars have conducted a research in this area.

Granite Building Materials may be carcinogenic

 carcinogenic killer careful radiationPeople benzene, formaldehyde and other indoor pollution has gradually attention, but also lack of knowledge building radiation contamination. She  drill bits pointed out that the mostMuch hidden from the stone. Due to the earth's crust contain radioactive substances, natural stone, too.
Radioactive stone on the human body, there are two, one is the stone decay of radionuclides emit X-rays of the human bodyCause external irradiation, but the probability is very low; Another is the release of radon exposure on the human body inside. Radon is toShell radioactive uranium, radium and thorium decay products of radon is listed as one of 19 kinds of carcinogenic substances, mainly the production of induced lung cancerAccording to testing, the radioactivity of different colors are different stone. Highest red and green, white, black is the mostLow. Therefore, consumers should choose carefully the red, green, or red blotches with granite varieties. He said that the wet granite pads  graniticExtensive use of stone should not be in the room, especially not in the bedroom, children's room to use.
Using more than 60% the proportion of Guangdong
"The use of granite is indeed very popular in Guangdong." Guangdong Provincial Bureau of Nonferrous Metal Geological Exploration team captain Zhang Xinxiong 931Said Granite is an important building material in Guangdong, and some of the more serious areas of granite radiation. Geological SurveyAlthough the department has long been investigated, but now this problem has not yet attracted people's attention.
It is understood that the  cutting blades level of radioactivity is divided into stone by A, B, C three categories, according to regulations, only the A class can be used in home roomInterior decoration. House renovated to do the best detection
Natural marble, they need to be taken to dilute the pollution ways to reduce pollution. Radon half-life of only 3.2 days at roomRadon concentration in the open doors and windows after 20 to 30 minutes afterthe outdoor levels can be reduced.
Therefore, the easiest way is to enhance ventilation. Just a furnished room is best to be detected. If the test resultsIf failed, you can use lower radiation shield paint or lead-free installation, to prevent the release of radon from building materials. If the radioactive targetToo high, the stone must be replaced immediately.

saw blade with precautions

1, must be carefully read before using manual cutting machine and packaging items mentioned on the cover.
2, according to the wet diamond polishing pads  choice of materials to be cut blade varieties, and check blades for cracks, distortions, lost teeth, do not use if damaged blade.
3, be sure to use a good cutter blade casing mounted guard, and wear face masks or protective eye.
4, the blade cutting machine please check before installation whether spindle runout, when the blade mounting flange and nut set with tight after installation and people must be the center hole of the blade is firmly fixed on the flange, according to Taiwan, a gasket must be good washer buying gently pushed manually rotating blade confirm whether the eccentric shaking.
5, after installing alloy saw before use preroll one minute, until the machine into operation only when the cutting operation.
6, the non-automatic cutting operation, you must gently normal operation of the saw blade enters the  circular saw  material, Forced hard pushed hard prohibited. And to prohibit reverse prohibit suddenly saw parked in the middle of the cut material, or cause jagged off, saw body deformation, prone to danger.
7, the use of abnormal sound heard and saw abnormal shaking or section does not usually stop the job and find the reason for the exception, the dry cut blades  timely replacement blades.
8, after cutting please wipe rust oil to prevent blade rust due to long periods of use.
9, insert the blade perpendicular to the tool holder to hang in a dry, avoid wet areas. Do not place the blade flat on the ground, otherwise easily lead to blade deformation. Do not directly stacked multi-chip saw blade shall be spaced packaging to avoid jagged collision should gently.
10, when the blade is not sharp serrated grinding again, not easy to damage teeth grinding time original angle affect cutting accuracy and shorten the life of saw blade.

alloy blade deformation

Question: cut timber skew, of varying lengths, the cutting surface uneven, with flash, blade deformation, broken teeth, broken blade, short life.
Reasons: (many situations because it is not caused by attention to detail).
Material: Sometimes the  masonry saw blades  problem is with the material to be cut, because there are too many materials purchased impurities, so when the blade hit these impurities particles, super-hard blade may break or give great sound, cut out of the surface will be uneven. But with softer HSS saw blade can not break, but the results will be skewed cutting phenomenon, because the blade when in contact with particles shift phenomenon.
Blade: Blade not properly gracefully compressive deformation, serrated blunt out no grinding, yaw rate deviation, number of teeth inappropriate choice of saw blade strength is not correct, choose the wrong blade, blade quality is poor.
Cutting machine: Jig Saw a state filled with incorrect number of revolutions does not correct cutting speed and blade with cutting oil selection cutting machine error may be due to influence each other.
There are customer complaints cutting results skewed to the site via our observations, feeding rack not fixed in the factory personnel transport material, often crooked off accidentally collide. Workpiece feeding rack crooked off after, of course, cut out of the material must be crooked.
Customer complaints are also often broken circular saw blades can not be resolved, we have a mechanical design to the scene found that the book has been pointed out, the longer the cutting material, must have been cut by Taiwan to make the segments are not shaking. However, the flap discs  customer still and chopped material as well, so the blade will have to be cut by shaking timber crashed.
There is also the customer's machine is not in the installed horizontally correction, so the machine was fundamentally crooked.
Using fake machine: Because most of the cost of the machine in the mechanical materials, machine parts cheap that the use of cheap, of course, there is no guarantee of quality. Therefore, there may be insufficient because of mechanical stability undue impact or shaking.
Manual machine (operator): Since the machine is manually operated manually, sometimes the operator under the knife under the knife too hard or too fast, it may cause blade breakage.
Blade must be used otherwise the following considerations may still generate more questions:
Must determine the cut material has a good fixed.
Material to be cut according to the cutting conditions are set.
Filled with saw, must be part of the jig clean out debris, and then pay attention to the direction of rotation, the blade properly fixed.
Cutting and  concrete saws stop cutting at the beginning, do not feed too fast. (May cause broken teeth and damaged) make full use of cutting oil (I hope with the work material selection cutting oil) Disposable circular saw blade circular saw blade cutting machines and cutting machines generally different, we must choose the correct blade.
Can not be mixed, unless the purchase dual-use models.

How to choose the color of granite

Granite is the hardest substance in the world, one of the world we can find a variety of different countries or regions YenColored granite. Another feature of granite is its color, which after the ceramic tile saw  designer carefully paired meet the aesthetic angleColor is another glittering granite. In the kitchen countertop, bathroom sink granite used in decoration is an indisputableThe fact that now the floor decoration, fireplace and granite used in other areas has gradually become popular. There are a series of graniteRow colors to choose from black, white, brown and then to blue, green, and some mixed colors, in such a vastInfinite, subtle changes in the color of the jungle, how to choose the right color, the color is simply added difficulty. Today, BlackAnd blue-phase with the use of the  drum wheels public has increasingly been adopted, brown and beige two highly contrasting colors in the kitchenDecoration is also increasingly popular combination. Dark kitchen countertop with light-colored or light-colored with dark kitchen countertop withMatched cabinet also been widely accepted. Choose a color for the kitchen countertops, that some elements are most concerned about is the result of yourPrime it? In the  tile cutting blades choice of decoration materials, do not just limited to wood, you can visit the following nearby supplier or abroadImported granite slab manufacturers. The best method is to take the block as a reference model for kitchen cabinets. Of course, for some of the alreadyPacked floor, in order to achieve color match, you can also take the same approach. In the new house decoration, you can firstConsider choosing granite countertops, and then go buy flooring, flooring materials course, you can consider using granite material. InYou decide to use that color material, you must After careful consideration, because this is a one-time project, or regretToo late.

Hardness and wear resistance

Hardness and wear resistance: Diamond is saturated and having a directivity combine covalently crystal, it has brick saws  a veryHigh hardness and wear resistance, is the hardest known substance in nature.Application:
A mechanical processing industry
Diamond abrasive effects are grinding carbide tools. Sharpening carbide turning, every mill in addition to the metal needs to consume 1g GCAbrasive 4-15g, while the diamond consuming only 2-4mg.
2 Electronics Industry
Precious hard and brittle semiconductor materials such as silicon, germanium, gallium arsenide, etc. For small pieces made of a semiconductor device, to be cutAnd grinding. The metal drill bits  most appropriate method using a diamond cutting blade machining. With diamond paste polishing a semiconductor materialMaterial, not only efficient, but also can achieve the highest level of surface roughness Ra0.006um.
3 optical glass and stones processing industry
Before the use of silicon carbide processing optical glass, low efficiency, poor working conditions. Now all using diamond abrasive machiningIncluding cutting, nesting, cutting, milling and convex and concave surface grinding.
4 drilling and mining industry
In the oil, coal, metallurgy, geology exploration drilling and exploitation, extensive use of diamond drill bits.
5 construction and  metal grinding wheel building materials industry
Marble, granite, artificial cast stone, concrete building materials, cutting and grinding, the extensive use of gold ,Diamond tool.

diamond cutter in the hole machining pay

 Diamond tool manufacturers say that the saying goes: "not good goods cheaper, better goods are not cheap", on the  diamond blade circular saw other commodities that may true, but I am afraid that the tool tool is not at all clear; key is to match. On the job site of many factors: cutting objects such as equipment, quality requirements, quality of personnel and so on. Comprehensive assessment, sensible manner, the best use, just right, in order to save money, reduce costs, participation in the competition in the industry. This depends on the mastery of professional knowledge and understanding of information of similar products.
 In machining, drilling about its processing total of 1/3. Holes are semi-enclosed cutting, therefore, chip, heat diffusing, cutting fluids are more difficult to cast, and processing difficult. With scientific and technological advances in machinery parts, precision of the hole and surface roughness increasing demand, while the precision bore machining production often become critical, must be resolved.
Hole machining techniques should be used when processing research equipment and machine tools (so-called hardware), but also to study how to effectively use the equipment better application technology (the so-called software).
Definition and classification of the hole
What is a hole? According to the national standard GB1800-1979 requirements: Hole mainly refers to the cylindrical inner surface. Seen, refers broadly inclusive face hole. Holes are usually classified according to the following method:
(1) according to the shape of points. There cylindrical bore, tapered bore, drum-shaped hole, polygonal hole, spline holes and other shaped holes and special-shaped hole (such as bending holes) and so on. Among them, the most widely used cylindrical hole.
(2) According to the shape of points. A through hole and the blind hole (blind hole); hole (refer to the hole depth L and the diameter D of the hole than 5, L / D short depth to diameter ratio or aspect ratio; L / D = 5 ~ 20 are generally Deep, L / D> 20 ~ 30 is a medium deep, L / D> 30 ~ 100 called special deep) and shallow hole.
(3) according to the size of the aperture. A large hole (D> 100mm), common holes (D = 10 ~ 100mm), holes (D = 1 ~ 10mm) and micropores (D <1mm hole).
(4) according to the processing mechanism to points. There are machining, special processing, mechanical and electrical composite processing. Despite the special processing method more, but 4 inch saw blades  because the equipment is more expensive and processing efficiency is not high reason, either now or in the foreseeable future, conventional machining process will continue to be the primary means of holes.
(5) Press the machining precision points. With coarse holes (such as drilling and boring after a rough hole), semi-fine holes (such as reaming, thick hinge, semi-fine boring holes) and precision holes (such as precision hinge, finely drawn, grinding, honing, grinding holes), etc. Precision holes usually refers to the IT7 ~ IT6 tolerance level or above, the surface roughness Ra <0.8 ~ 0.4m hole in its geometric shape accuracy (eg roundness, cylindricity, straightness axis, etc.) General provisions in its dimensional tolerances with 1/2 to 1/3 range.
As aerospace, automotive, high-speed trains, wind power, electronics, home appliances, energy, mold, hydraulic, machine tools and precision machinery equipment manufacturing industry rapid development and upgrading of products, precision hole applications is increasing. Such as a hydraulic system widely used in a variety valve hole, high-pressure cylinder tube are some typical precision holes. Hole machining due to its own characteristics, processing more difficult, but more difficult machining precision holes.
Hole machining characteristics
Hole machining is a more complex process, the processing chip must be properly resolved, cooling and lubrication and guidance and other issues. Holes main features are:
(1) Due to the workpiece aperture size, length and shape constraints, the cutting tool corresponding slender, rigidity, and most of the cantilever clamping manner, the processing likely to cause deflection and vibration of the tool.
(2) difficult to eliminate chips. To improve the conditions of the chip and chip, the chip is bound to increase the groove, but this will make the lower strength and stiffness of the tool.
(3) difficult to introduce cutting fluid to the cutting area, the chip, between the tool and the workpiece hole wall friction is large, the cutting temperature is high, particularly in deep holes. Therefore, the cutting fluid in the hole machining has a special role. Cutting fluid rational selection and proper use of hole machining quality, tool life and cutting efficiency have a great impact.
Holes commonly used methods of cutting liquid supply pressure casting method and cooled French. The former is the most simple, but poor results for the fluid and cutting fluid consumed in large quantities. Internal cooling method used for hole drilling, deep hole drilling, ejector drilling, nesting knife and single edge boring reamer hole cutting tools, the need to make the tool for the fluid pressure within the cooling (oil) passage hole, oil and gas mixture is passed through this channel is fed to the cutting area, this method with less consumption of the cutting fluid, the tool structure is more complicated. Now, with the tool manufacturing technology, domestic and foreign companies have introduced a variety of tools with internal coolant supply high pressure fluid (oil) passage hole new tool for internal cooling method used to create the conditions.
Now research suggests that colde saw blade  cutting fluid used almost dry cutting "Steam bundle" spray cooling method is most effective, and cutting fluid consumption, low processing costs. "Steam beam" spray cooling is a certain pressure (0.3 ~ 1MPa) the cutting fluid air atomized and sprayed at high speed cutting zone, so that temperatures were in the region of the cutting droplets quickly swirl vaporized. Vaporization of the liquid will absorb the heat, which can greatly cut down the temperature region, while also taking the cutting zone cutting fluid and space heat and powder, improve the working environment. Practice has proved that the same amount of cutting fluid in the case of "steam beam" spray cooling at the same time by the casting method of the heat is absorbed in 1000. Therefore, it is not only to improve tool life, but also enable the cutting fluid consumption is greatly reduced. "Steam bundle" spray cooling both for automatic production line, but also for the general metal cutting.
(4) processing the cutting tool can not be directly observed, particularly in the processing of the pores and deep. Therefore, automatic monitoring and control is more important than the other processing methods.
(5) accuracy of hole size, geometry, precision, accuracy and surface roughness mutual position often due to the special nature of hole machining is difficult to control, but once the trial is successful, rather than other processing methods can be more regularly maintained.

vitrified diamond wheel diamond and ceramic binder

Natural diamond tools currently used mainly for copper and copper alloys and gold, silver, rhodium and other precious metals, and special parts of the ultra-precision mirror processing, such  granite blades as a disk recorder, an optical mirror, a polygon mirror and the second curved mirror and so on. But its crystalline anisotropy, the tool expensive. PCD performance depends on the content of diamond grains and cobalt, cemented carbide tool life (WC substrate) of the tool 10 to 500 times. Mainly used for a variety of non-ferrous metals such as turning of aluminum, copper, magnesium and its alloys, tungsten carbide and wear strong fiber reinforced plastic materials, metal matrix composites, wood and other non-metallic materials. When cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut depends on processing conditions and the hardness of the workpiece material.
Vitrified diamond grinding wheel with diamond and vitrified common characteristics, and general corundum, silicon carbide abrasive compared to its strong grinding, grinding temperature is relatively low, abrasive wear is relatively small; can be adapted to a variety of The role of the cooling fluid; grinding abrasive good shape retention, high precision grind the workpiece; abrasive there are more pores, grinding and heat conducive chip, clogging, easy to burn the workpiece; mill with  glass blades good self-sharpening, finishing a long time interval, trimming easier. Therefore, vitrified diamond grinding wheel used in some foreign countries is increasing.Synthetic polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) properties and applications close PCD tool, mainly used in non-ferrous metals, tungsten carbide, ceramics, non-metallic materials (plastic, hard rubber, carbon rod, wood, cement products, etc.), composite materials such as cutting, gradual replacement carbide cutting tools. Because the diamond particles bonded to ask some residual metal and graphite, in which the bonding metal or showed coalescence vein-like distribution state will reduce tool wear and life. In addition there is a metal residue solvent, solvent metal in direct contact with the diamond surface. Lower (PDC) oxidation resistance and tool heat resistance, the cutting tool is not stable enough. Thick Diamond Tool preparation process is complex, because of the sds plus drill bits  low melting point metals and their alloys and diamond has a high interfacial energy between. Diamond is difficult to be generally low melting point solder alloy infiltration. Weldability poor, difficult to produce complex geometry tool, it can not be applied TDF welding tool in high-speed milling. Diamond-coated tools can be applied to high-speed machining, because in addition to diamond coated tools have excellent mechanical properties, diamond coating process can be prepared any complex shape cutters for high speed machining aerospace materials such as aluminum alloy and refractory processing of non- metallic material such as graphite electrodes.

diamond tool limitations and problems

Cutting tools with diamond iron group material, the friction generated heat causes diffusion of carbon atoms in the diamond into the iron, the resulting diamond coating due to chemical wear and premature failure.
Limit of diamond tools
Regrinding and (or) heavy coating of diamond coated tools is difficult to guarantee the saw blades  quality of the coating formed on the surface as the tool for the pure diamond, so the tool with a diamond wheel for re-grinding takes a very long time. In addition, the growth of the diamond tool used. Preparation of the tool will change the chemical properties of the  wall saw blades surface, since the coating of this chemical properties requires very precise control, so the effect of the tool recoating difficult to be guaranteed.
Problems diamond tools
Diamond coating spalling can prevent flaking coating of diamond-coated tools are a serious problem, but also a common problem (especially in the processing of materials like carbon fiber), will lead to unpredictable tool life. The late 1990s, interfacial chemical properties were identified as affecting the diamond coating adhesion properties of important factors. By selecting good compatibility Carbide chemical characteristics, the  cbn grinding wheel use of appropriate technology and reasonable pre-deposition reaction conditions, it is possible to reduce or eliminate the diamond coating spalling, stably smooth wear patterns. Observed under the microscope normal wear diamond coated tool, you can find the diamond was worn until stable carbide substrate, without chipping or peeling.

The basic use of superhard cutting tool items

Tool of different types of knives and cutters of different materials, superhard cutting tool diamond tool explain the basic use of items:
1, the tool cutting edge sds drill bits  products to be processed must be strictly adjusted to the center and the center height of the contour, is strictly prohibited below the center of the cutting.
2, PCD cutting tool main processing of copper, aluminum, zinc, alloys and other non-ferrous metals and rubber, plastics, bakelite, etc.
3, PCBN cutting tool main  wood drill bits processing hardened steel, cast iron, iron-based powder metallurgy and other ferrous metals.
4, PCBN tooling steel type workpiece, the workpiece should be greater than the hardness HRC40 or more. 5, PCBN cutting tool with a negative rake angle, for a positive rake angle and 0 ° rake angle of the tool, by increasing the inverted angularity compensation.
6, PCD cutting tool depth of no more than 3/4 tip is appropriate. PCBN no more than 2/5 of the dry polishing pads  tip is appropriate.
7, PCD milling available coolant. PCBN Milling can without coolant, suitable for dry cutting

circular saw blade dynamic

Dynamic operation stability of the circular saw blade is a blade in the cutting processing, maintaining its inherent shape and stiffness properties. Job stability than the saw blade and the industrial saw blades  frame band saws poor, mainly because of large blade diameter to thickness ratio, and only the clamping disc holding the spindle rotates at high speed can not be tensioned. Part of the body alone saw serrated metal binding force, it maintains a certain rigidity. When the blade rotates at high speed, the centrifugal force, the saw tooth edge portion of the body begins to relax, in addition, timber sawing, the saw tooth edge portion of the body temperature rise sharply, volume expansion, and the blade but also by material constraints can not be arbitrarily scalable, large internal deformation occurring outside the small, on both sides of the blade to swim, was "hunting" state, causing rough sawn wood surface waves.
First, the centrifugal force
Rotating blade, the saw body parts of the material are subject to the centrifugal force.
Second, the impact of cutting heat and displacement caused by temperature gradients
Saw cutting work, saw tooth edge portion of the body temperature is higher than the temperature of the rest of the blade on the outside there is a high internal temperature low, according to Mote, Szymani other scientists' research results, for the 1mm thick blade, When the blade in the floor polisher pads  radial direction of the temperature difference reaches 9 ℃, the blade wavy deformation occurs. Also exacerbated instability in the blade work.
Third, the circular saw cutting runout and lateral vibration on Processing Quality
Cutting circular saw blades, due to the number of teeth and more, chip thickness of only hundredths of a millimeter. So rather small radial deviation will be on chip thickness have a great impact, in addition to radial runout effects, the lateral vibration of the processing quality, especially surface roughness has a great influence.
Four, vibration analysis
Vibration of the saw blade is in its equilibrium position the blade reciprocating lateral movement. Vibration caused by external interference, and always behave as some kind of "class." Vibration of the blade during cutting can not be compensated, the vibration will increase sawing path loss, reduced cutting accuracy, increase the noise level and shorten tool life.
Fifth, the concept of stability
Saw work there is always a certain vibration, but not necessarily instability. The critical instability conditions, even if a frequency is zero or very small lateral forces can cause very large lateral displacement of the blade. Instability saw blade vibration theory is the  sanding discs study of the most important fields.
Six, critical speed theory
Theoretical critical speed is determined by Lapin and Dugdale introduced into the study of circular saw blades, before this theory is mainly used in the design of turbine research.
Seven, plane stress
The initial blade manufacturing residual stress include stress, suitable for tensile stress. Rotary cutting blade, will turn with stress, thermal stress and the stress caused by cutting force. All of these stresses can be considered as plane stress.
1, suitable for tensile stress
2, the rotary stress
3, thermal stress
4, the cutting stress
Eight, to improve the dynamic stability of a blade
1, suitable for sheets
2, saw themselves slotted
3, the guide
4, the thermal stress control

the life of high speed steel circular saw blades

In order to maximize the reduction of the consumption of high-speed steel circular saw blades, each blade reduces cutting costs, increase plant productivity, the actual situation of the following applications for the proposal wants to follow:
1, the new blade test run:
To ensure long life, so that masonry saw blades   circular saws with a new blade (or replace the blade after each grinding) have a full running-in process, the cutting begins within 10 minutes, reducing the feed rate is very necessary The. The next 10 minutes before gradually speed up;
2, cutting and feed rate:
Cutting speed depends on the material being cut sections and toughness, this is difficult for cutting stainless steel, high toughness of the material, the slower the speed is very beneficial  concrete core bits to increase blade life. When the material cross section is small, can be an appropriate increase in engine speed;
3, correct and timely grinding blade:
Blade during operation, due to the role of external forces, the blade pitch and yaw rate, stress, etc. has changed, so there will be larger road saws; surface roughness, clip blade and other phenomena; timely grinding blade, serrated blade to re-raise the angle, pitch accuracy, high-speed steel circular saw blades will increase the use of results;
4, you can judge sawdust observe the  cup grinding wheels current state of cutting blade;
a, very fine sawdust or powdered cutting pressure indicates the size;
b, of a soft cut sawdust that overload;
c, long spiral wire sawdust expressed in good condition;

the proper use of

Cutting speed is too large, machine vibration, voice large, reduce the stability of the blade, the processing quality decreased, the cutting speed is too small, the production efficiency is lowered. The same feed rate, cutting the amount of increase per tooth, affecting the processing quality and life of the saw blade. Because blade diameter D and the spindle speed N is a power function, in practice, a reasonable increase speed and reduce the saw blade diameter is most economical.
3, quality bid:
As the saying goes: "not good goods cheaper, better router bits  goods are not cheap", on the other commodities that may true, but I am afraid that the tool tool is not at all clear; key is to match. On the job site of many factors: cutting objects such as equipment, quality requirements, quality of personnel and so on. Comprehensive assessment, sensible manner, the best use, just right, in order to save money, reduce costs, participation in the competition in the industry. This depends on the mastery of professional knowledge and understanding of information of similar products.
Second, the proper use of:
In order to play its best performance blade must be strictly in accordance with the standard use;
1, blades of different sizes and  wet granite pads uses, the design of the head and the base form angles differ by their corresponding possible occasions;
2, the device spindle and plywood size and shape and position accuracy effects have a significant impact on the use, installation and adjustment to be checked before the blade. Especially for plywood blade contact surface with the impact caused by the clamping force to slip displacement factors must be excluded;
3, pay attention to the work of the blade, an exception occurs, such as vibration, my voice, machined surface material moving situation, you must promptly stop adjustment, and timely grinding, maintaining peak interest;
4, grinding blade must not change its original angle, to avoid sudden thermal quench local head, the  diamond bandsaw blades best professional grinding
5, temporarily without the saw blade to vertical hanging, avoid prolonged flat, the matter should not heap pressure on it, head office to be protected, not allowed to collide.

how to choose the right blade

1, the blade selected basic data:
① saw blade outer diameter, the hole diameter;
② cutting object's material, shape and thickness;
③ cutter spindle speed.
2, saw the basis for selection:
International requirements for timber cutting line speed of 40 ~ 70M / S. The industrial sheet metal due to quality and sawn boards are better quality, better quality welding, cutting speed can exceed 80M / S, generic tablets, DIY film quality due to alloy and  sds drill bits sawn boards are poor quality, cutting speed should be relatively low Some.
Cutting speed is too small, the production efficiency; while rapid increase friction, heat stability decreased saws, alloy damage accelerated decline in the quality of the workpiece surface.
Cutting speed is too large, the  concrete saws friction heat increases, machine vibration, noise is also large, cutting stability decreased, the surface quality of the workpiece is decreased; cutting material of the alloy also increases impact resistance, chipping prone alloy phenomenon.
In practice, by reducing the diameter of the methods to reduce the cutting blade speed; speed to increase by increasing the cutting speed.
Second, on the question blade purchase price
Carbide also has high hardness (wear resistance) and brittleness (poor impact resistance) characteristics, the carbide saw blades  characteristics determine the most wear-resistant alloys are not accompanied by the best saws can get the longest use life. However, the object can be cut material properties, thickness, quality requirements to select a different hardness, strength of the alloy and the rational design of the tooth to achieve the best match between, get the longest life, the highest cost performance.

diamond cutter trimming scope

We usually use the knife at home, not agile, and will look for stones to grind it, not agile how diamond tool repair? In the dressing precision grinding wheel diamond tools (such as internal grinding), you should use a sharp diamond shaped stone, diamond tool if a large  concrete crack chaser amount of high-precision grinding wheel, we recommend using a spherical diamond larger contact area in order to ensure that from fine grind to a coarse trimming range.
Small blade cutter and other cutters classes are primarily used in the following hard metal materials processing or narrow and deep grooves cut milling can also be non-metallic, superhard materials and titanium blade cutter blade cutter main used for cutting hard materials (heat-resistant steel, stainless steel, high-strength steel) milling.
  Carbide blade carbide (more precisely, tungsten carbide and titanium carbide) is a cutting tool of any kind are common materials: for example, saw blades, lathe tools, drills, milling cutter and  cbn grinding wheels dental drill engraving are generally made with carbide. The reason is widely used in such carbide tool, because it is with most other materials remain sharp longer. In addition, some carbide ball pen use, because the pen is more durable.
 Carbide blade eventually become dull. You can be as polished as ordinary steel tools grinding them, but they are very hard, so you want to use a different grinding tools. Usually a diamond coated cemented carbide tools or wheels.
 Diamond Segment Features: Blade's work performance is extremely good, especially in the granite cutting speed, long life, straight cut, do not jump edge, etc. Various specifications can be customized according to customer requirements.
The chemical composition of the sds plus drill bits  diamond C, with the carbon and graphite polymorph variants. In mineral chemical composition, the total content of Si, Mg, Al, Ca, Mn, Ni and other elements, and often contain Na, B, Cu, Fe, Co, Cr, Ti, N and other impurity elements, and carbohydrates.

corundum ceramic grinding wheel

Vitrified grinding characteristics: grinding power, high speed machining workpiece does not burn, and  granite blade  durability can be corrected speed and efficiency advantages of precision grinding tools for precision grinding of large quantities, the processing of the workpiece hardness. Wheel granularity selection principle: a coarse-grained grinding wheel Suitable for: soft material like soft iron and non-ferrous materials such as feed volume, surface roughness less demanding, grinding big occasions two contact surfaces, fine-grained grinding wheel for : and  granite core bits coarse corundum grinding wheel opposite hardness, lower toughness, suitable for hardened steel, alloy steel, high speed steel and other materials, grinding, can also be used for thread machining gears and thin-walled parts. Supply Grinder with corundum grinding wheel, vitrified grinding wheels, large mill wheel

Drills introduce common

Configuration which substantially radial cutting edge portion having at least two main cutting edge portion, and arranged in the circumferential direction of said main cutting edge portion and between the main cutting edge portion, at least two sub cutting blade portion said main cutting edge portion includes a main cutting edge as the cutting blade, the cutting blade inner end of the main center of rotation, the outer end of the cutting edge portion in the outer periphery of the rotation locus.
A cutting edge portion of the Diamond tools  sub cutting blade as the sub cutting blade, the sub cutting blade inner end is located off the center of rotation to the outer side of the site, the outer end is located in the rotating cutting blade portion deviated from the center of rotation locus of the outer edge position.
A drill, with a drill tip disposed on the plurality of cutting blade portion, and provided on the base end side of the cutting blade portion and the base end portion of the shank portion is formed with a shaft-shaped drill main body;
Said cutting blade portion has a flank of the cutting surface and the engagement surface protruding toward the front end edge of the cutting edge formed by said center of rotation of the cutting blade from the drill side arranged substantially radially outer side;
The rotary axis of the direction of movement and the operation of the impact operation of cutting the composite, characterized in that said cutting blade portion has at least two main cutting edge portion, and disposed in the circumferential direction of the main cutting edge portion and the main cutting between the blade, at least two sub cutting blade portion;
The main cutting edge portion having a cutting edge as a main cutting edge, an inner end of said main cutting edge is located in the center of rotation, the outer end of the cutting edge portion in the outer periphery of the rotation locus, the sub cutting blade portion having as its the sub cutting blade cutting edge, the secondary cutting blade inner end is located radially outwardly from the rotation center deviate from the site, the outer end portion in the rotation from the cutting edge to the center of rotation locus of the outer side of the deviated position.
PDC bits
PDC bits [1] for short. Is commonly used in the oil drilling industry as a drilling tool.
PDC continuous improvement of product performance
In the past few years, PDC cutter quality and type have undergone tremendous changes. If the teeth of the 1980s to today's teeth for comparison, the difference is quite large. Because hybrid technology and manufacturing process changes, today's cutting teeth is much better quality and performance, so that the anti-erosion and impact drill capabilities are greatly improved.
Engineers also tungsten carbide substrate and the interface between the diamond has been optimized to improve the toughness of the cutting teeth. Process innovations in the diamond layer is also used to improve the abrasion resistance and thermal stability.
In addition to material and  drum wheels manufacturing process developments outside, PDC products in the tooth tooth design techniques and fabric also achieved a major breakthrough. Now, PDC products have been used previously can not be applied in areas such as stiffer, stronger and changing abrasive formations. This extension to new areas, the diamond (fixed cutter) cone drill bit and the balance between a great impact.
Initially, PDC drill bit can only be used for soft shale formations, the reason is hard mezzanine will damage the drill bit. However, due to the emergence of new technologies and changes in the structure, the current PDC drill bit for drilling hard interlayer has been able to and a long section of the hard rock formations. PDC bits are increasingly being used by people, especially with the continuous improvement of quality PDC teeth, in which case more and more prominent.
Since teeth bit design and improvement, PDC drill bit orientability also will increase, which further weakened the past in motor drilling cone bit advantage. Currently, PDC drill every day in many applications where the drilling supplant cone drill bit market.
Commonly used mechanical drills, twist drills with straight shank (ordinary type), you can drill: 45 # steel, stainless steel, diamond hardness using the weak point of the material. Alloy drill, you can drill Cr12 steel, the use of diamond hardness strong material. Use drill expertise can allow himself to lower profits.
PCB Drill Type
PCB drill drill drill control Type: PCB drilling with a drill with straight shank twist drill, fixed and fixed shank twist drill shank Spade (undercut) drill bit. Straight shank twist drill mostly for single head machines, PCB drilling relatively simple or single panel, now in a large circuit board manufacturing plant has been rarely seen in its drilling depth of up to 10 times the diameter of the drill. Laminated on the substrate is not high, the use of drill bit holder to avoid bias.
At present, most manufacturers use CNC drilling machine, CNC drilling using a carbide shank drill set, which is characterized to achieve automatic replacement drill. High positioning accuracy without the use of drill sets. Large helix angle, chip speed, suitable for high-speed cutting. In the range of the flute length, diameter of the drill is an inverted cone, when drilling with the hole wall friction is small, high quality drilling. Common drill shank diameter of 3.00mm and 3.175mm.
Drill material
PCB drilling with carbide drill bit is generally used as the epoxy glass cloth complex copper plate on the tool wear particularly fast. The so-called carbide drill gold is tungsten carbide powder as matrix, cobalt powder as a binder by pressurized sintering. Generally contain 94% tungsten carbide, 6% cobalt. Because of its high hardness, very wearable, a certain strength, suitable for high-speed cutting. But the toughness is poor, very brittle, in order to improve the performance of cemented carbide, and some use carbide substrate in a chemical vapor deposition on a 5-7 micron layer of special hard titanium carbide (TIC) or titanium nitride (TIN), to has a higher hardness. Some use ion implantation technology, titanium, nitrogen, and carbon injection the matrix certain depth, not only improves the hardness and strength and regrinding the drill can move into when they injected ingredients. There is a physical method to generate the bit at the top of a layer of diamond film, which greatly improves the hardness and wear resistance of the drill. Carbide hardness and strength, not only the ratio of cobalt and tungsten carbide, but also with the powder particles about. Carbide drill ultra fine particles, and its average grain size of tungsten carbide with 1 micron or less. This bit is not only high hardness and compressive strength and flexural strength are diamond bandsaw blades  improved. To save costs Many drill shank welded structure, the original as a whole are carbide drill, drill shank back now made of stainless, but significantly reduced the cost of the material due to different concentricity less than its dynamic rigid whole alloy drill, particularly in the small diameter side.
The use of drill
1, the drill should be packed in special packing boxes, to avoid vibrations collide.
2, when used, from packing boxes should immediately remove the drill bit attached to the spindle collet header or automatic replacement drill tool library. Spent immediately put back packing boxes.
3, use the drill diameter measurement tool microscope and other non-contact measurement equipment, to avoid the cutting edge in contact with the mechanical gauge was bruised.
4, some CNC drilling machine CNC drilling using some positioning ring retaining ring is not used, such as the use of its positioning ring installation depth positioning must be accurate, as it does not use retaining ring fitted to the drill spindle elongation to adjust consistent, multi-spindle drilling machine to pay attention to this point, to make each spindle drilling depth to be consistent. If not possible to make drill drill drill through the surface or not caused by circuit board scrap.
5, using 40 times the usual three-dimensional microscopy drill blade wear.
6, the spindle and to always check the concentricity of the collet and the collet chuck clamping force, will result in poor concentricity of small diameter drill bit off and pore size, etc., the clamping force will cause the actual speed is not good Set speed does not match between the chuck and the drill bit slipping.
7, fixed shank drill head clamping collet drill shank length of 4 to 5 times the diameter to clamp securely.
8, should always check the spindle presser foot. Presser foot contact surface perpendicular to the spindle is horizontal and not shaking, to prevent drilling off the drill and produce partial holes.
9, drilling better than vacuuming, vacuum air temperature can be reduced drill, colleagues away dust reduce friction generates heat.
10, the substrate stack comprises upper and lower plate to drill a hole workbench trough positioning system to locate a prison, lie flat. Use adhesive tape to prevent the drill bit to be on the tape so that a drill swarf adhesion, causing difficulties and chip off the diamond.
11, ordering manufacturers drill, the factory inspection when sampling the compliance of its 4%. And 100% of 10 to 15 times with a microscopic examination of the gaps, scratches and cracks.
12, drill timely re-grinding, increase the use and re-drill grinding times, extending bit life, reduce production costs and expenses. Microscope usually measured length of the two main cutting edges, the wear depth should be less than 0.2mm. Regrinding when rubbed 0.25mm. Plain shank drill can be reground three times, shovel-shaped head (undercut) of the drill can be reground two times. Excessive turning grinding quality and accuracy of its drilling will decline, will cause the finished circuit board scrap. Excessive turning mill backfired.
13, when the wear due to abrasion and diameter reduction of 2% compared to the original, then the bit scrapped.
14 bit parameter settings in general, manufacturers have to provide a drill bit plant production speed and lower speed parameter table, the parameter is a reference only, the actual craft workers through actual use but also draw a line with The actual speed and the speed of the drill parameters are usually the reference parameter actual parameters are different but the difference is not too much.
The concept of drill
Bit is used to drill out the solid material through holes or blind holes, and is able to have a hole reaming tools. Twist drills are commonly used, flat drill, center drill, deep hole drilling and core drill. Reamers and countersinks although not drill holes in solid material, but will also be used to drill them into a class.

carbide drill bit selection

The so-called carbide is tungsten carbide powder as matrix, cobalt powder as a binder by pressurized sintering. Generally contain 94% tungsten carbide, 6% cobalt. Because of its high hardness, very wearable, a certain strength, suitable for high-speed cutting. But the  fibre discs  toughness is poor, very brittle, in order to improve the performance of cemented carbide, and some use carbide substrate in a chemical vapor deposition on a 5-7 micron layer of special hard titanium carbide (TIC) or titanium nitride (TIN), to has a higher hardness. Some use ion implantation technology, titanium, nitrogen, and carbon injection the matrix certain depth, not only improves the hardness and strength and regrinding the drill can move into when they injected ingredients. There is a physical method to generate the bit at the top of a layer of diamond film, which greatly improves the hardness and wear resistance of the drill.
Drill material selection
The processing characteristics of the material required bit has the following characteristics: hardness of the drill must be greater than the hardness of the workpiece; drill workpiece as to withstand a considerable torsional and axial forces, it must have sufficient strength and toughness; Since the processed material toughness, requiring cutting edge sharp enough, so the tool material must have sufficient wear resistance, so as to reduce the work hardening; Since the chemical properties of the workpiece to be higher, thus requiring the tool material and titanium affinity worse in order to avoid the spread of stroke caused by sticking knife, broken drill phenomenon.
Currently, the tool for doing extremely numerous types of materials, including tool steel, carbide, superhard materials.
Initially, attempts to carry out the ordinary high-speed steel drills coated test, inexpensive ordinary high-speed steel drills, when using coating technology, can significantly reduce the friction coefficient of the tool and the workpiece, to improve tool life. However, due to the higher speed machine, using drill strong enough, causing the  wet polishing pad drill breaks during processing, the effect is not ideal.
Carbide is the latest developed a tool material, suitable for most materials, rough finish, such as steel, cast iron, special materials and plastics. To this end, decided to use solid carbide drill bit.
Drill grinding to determine the parameters
1 Twist the main auxiliary plane
Twist several major auxiliary plane base surface, cutting plane, the profile and column profiles.
If you do not consider supplementary motor, the main cutting edge twist drill of any point on the base surface, the architectural features of the twist drill, drill points on the main cutting edge of the base surface is variable.
Any point on the main cutting edge of the cutting plane, a cutting direction but contains the point tangent to the plane of the surface of the machining point. Perpendicular to the cutting plane and the base plane, and the main cutting edge of the cutting plane of the points are not the same. Any point on the main cutting edge of the column cross-section through the center line of the drill point and the center line of the cylindrical surface and do, the main cutting edge on a different type of column cross-sectional radius of the cylindrical face.
2 Twist drill main geometric parameters of the selection
Twist drill main geometric parameters include the choice of angle drill, drill cutting edge rake angle and clearance angle choice drill bit life helix angle on edge of impact analysis and related processing.
Drill angle determines the width and drill chips the size of the anterior horn. When the drill diameter and feed rate constant, increasing the angle, the iron narrowing unit to reduce the load on the cutting edge. Angle has a great influence on the rake angle, a corresponding increase in angle will help to improve terrible at cutting conditions. Influence the direction of chip flow angle. According to the relevant tool design data, combined with the hardness of the processed products is not high, but the viscous characteristics, select the drill angle of 140 °.
The first twist angle is other geometric parameters of the bit decision. In high-speed cutting machine tools, rake angle on the cutting deformation and cutting force has little effect, while using a smaller rake angle can be enhanced tip strength. This angle is determined, after the angle, the more sharp edge, but it will be reduced accordingly wedge angle impact tool strength and heat dissipation area. To this end, the selected bit smaller horn, taken as 8 °.
3 drill bit life helix angle on impact analysis
Shows the shape characteristics of the  9 inch saw blade twist drill points on the cutting edge is variable helix angle, the helix angle of a direct impact on the rake angle of the main cutting edge. Helix angle is larger, the more sharp edge, cutting more light, otherwise it will cause severe hardening makes the blades wear out quickly. According to the relevant tool design data, take the helix angle of 30 ° to meet the application requirements, while allowing for mass production.
4 edge correlation processing
The processing includes chisel edge correction, chamfering and inverted blade and other measures. For the material to be processed, machining properties, processing parameters and conditions such as clamps, cutting edge of the bit for a suitable passivation, improve drilling performance of the drill bit, reduce tool wear.
Coating technology
In the case of constant cutting parameters, in order to improve production efficiency and reduce production costs, use of the tool coating technology to reduce tool wear, in order to improve tool life is increasingly becoming a trend.
Tool coating refers to the strength and toughness of cemented carbide or high speed steel (HSS) surface of the substrate by vapor deposition method, a thin layer of good wear resistance of the coating of refractory metal or non-metal compounds. As a chemical barrier coating and thermal barrier, reducing the tool and the workpiece between the diffusion and chemical reaction, thereby reducing tool wear. Coated tool with high surface hardness, good wear resistance, chemical stability, heat resistance, oxidation, friction factor is small and low thermal conductivity and other characteristics.
After coating the drill after a number of processing has been improved significantly, unit cost is greatly reduced.
Carbide hardness and strength, not only the ratio of cobalt and tungsten carbide, but also with the powder particles about. Carbide drill ultra fine particles, and its average grain size of tungsten carbide with 1 micron or less. This bit is not only high hardness and compressive strength and flexural strength are improved. To save costs Many drill shank welded structure, the original as a whole are carbide drill, drill shank back now made of stainless, but significantly reduced the cost of the material due to different concentricity less than its dynamic rigid whole alloy drill, particularly in the small diameter side.

CNC drilling machine drill bit selection methods

1, to understand the types and characteristics of the drill:
PCB drilling with a drill with straight shank twist drill, twist drill set and fixed shank shank Spade (undercut) drill bit. Straight shank twist drill mostly for single head machines, PCB drilling relatively simple or single panel, now in a large circuit board manufacturing plant has been rarely seen in its drilling depth of up to 10 times the diameter of the drill. Laminated on the substrate is not high, the use of drill bit holder to avoid bias. At present, most manufacturers use CNC drilling machine, CNC drilling using a carbide shank drill set, which is characterized to  metal drill bits achieve automatic replacement drill. High positioning accuracy without the use of drill sets. Large helix angle, chip speed, suitable for high-speed cutting. In the range of the flute length, diameter of the drill is an inverted cone, when drilling with the hole wall friction is small, high quality drilling. Common drill shank diameter of 3.00mm and 3.175mm.
2, pay attention to the drill material:
PCB drilling with carbide drill bit is generally used as the epoxy glass cloth complex copper plate on the tool wear particularly fast. The so-called carbide is tungsten carbide powder as matrix, cobalt powder as a binder by pressurized sintering. Generally contain 94% tungsten carbide, 6% cobalt. Because of its high hardness, very wearable, a certain strength, suitable for high-speed cutting. But the toughness is poor, very brittle, in order to improve the performance of cemented carbide, and some use carbide substrate in a chemical vapor deposition on a 5-7 micron layer of special hard titanium carbide (TIC) or titanium nitride (TIN), to has a higher hardness. Some use ion implantation technology, titanium, nitrogen, and carbon injection the matrix certain depth, not only improves the hardness and strength and regrinding the drill can move into when they injected ingredients. There is a physical method to generate the bit at the top of a layer of diamond film, which greatly improves the hardness and wear resistance of the drill. Carbide hardness and strength, not only the ratio of cobalt and tungsten carbide, but also with the powder particles about. Carbide drill ultra fine particles, and its average grain size of tungsten carbide with 1 micron or less. This bit is not only high hardness and compressive strength and flexural strength are improved. To save costs Many drill shank welded structure, the original as a whole are carbide drill, drill shank back now made of stainless, but significantly reduced the cost of the  tile cutting blades material due to different concentricity less than its dynamic rigid whole alloy drill, particularly in the small diameter side.
3, choose a good brand to ensure product quality:
Currently, a lot of drill manufacturers, sub-national and imported. Domestic products and foreign products compared to a slight gap between the price of course, but also slightly more expensive imports, the market also has production from Taiwan and Hong Kong, as well as part of the production in Taiwan to fight the U.S. and European brands of drill bits, compared with Europe and the United States Japanese imports of drill and stone polishing pads  stable quality, although the price is a little expensive but is good value for money for craft workers, the actual use of the process due to quality problems that occur drill probability is very small, such as the production of products require a higher recommended the use of imported drill, Europe and Japan drill hardness softer, Europe drill rather break than bend in use but not prone to bias Kong higher probability of breaking some flexibility over the Japanese finally broken drill holes prone to bias, but especially the small side holes drill bit. In the actual use of the process can be chosen according to demand.

single cone drill bit and other comparative

Bearing on the single cone bit, teeth, cone dorsal and disposal flow was enhanced and improved, according to the  cbn grinding wheels construction of various problems. Improved single cone bit in the application of slim hole drilling was a great victory, overcoming the previous single cone bit various defects, eliminating the single cone bit teeth easily fall dorsal easily pierced, too more from the drilling and drilling higher interest rates and other issues, field application is effective and can improve the sidetrack drilling speed, shorten the drilling cycle, thereby reducing drilling interest, can be applied by oblique drilling, more suitable for steady oblique drilling, more suitable for slim hole drilling.
Now commonly used in small-size drill mainly tricone bit, PDC drill bits and single cone bit, PDC drill bit due to the  sds plus drill bits structure and working principle of limitation. Among them, three cone bit bearing most obvious disadvantage is small in size, mainly by the impact, crush and squeeze a small way from scraping rock breaking, drill teeth touch bottom number changes, dental discontinuity, short bearing life .
Not only work when torque is large, the  cutting tools teeth washing and cooling difficulties, and its strong sensitivity of lithology, stratigraphy and is not suitable for drilling hard and soft gravel staggered formation; single cone bit more applicable than three cone drill in both strength and ductility are large formations, while for PDC bit difficult to deal with hard interlayer and other complex formation, and the structure is simple, bearing a large space, the use of safe, reliable, easy to drill size miniaturization field use to good effect.

The design of the hollow drill cutting

Hollow drill bit is a more appropriate tool to use portable hole machining tool. However, due to the manufacturing process of the hollow drill bit more complex, and the blind holes can not be processed, so in the metal cutting process is not widely used, usually only in the  diamond hole saw processing of a number of large-diameter through-hole of the workpiece or a noble metal or drilling equipment used only when the power is limited . Since there is no standard hollow drill styling products, so most of the processing for special materials developed hollow drill bit is required.
We worked to develop a user for processing difficult materials special hollow drill bit. Code of material to be processed U-Mn, the main chemical components include: carbon (0.56% to 0.68%), manganese (1.35% to 1.65%), silicon (0.2% to 0.35%), etc.; tensile strength ≥ 882N/mm2, hardness and wear resistance are high. The drill is used in a 17mm thick material processing? 30 +0.5 mm hole, portable drilling rig power <1000w, requires drill life> 30min, drill material W6Mo5Gr4V2. In the development process of the hollow drill bit, drill through repeated adjustment of the design parameters and drilling tests to finalize drill geometry parameters: rake angle g = 12 °, clearance angle a = 9 °, vice posterior horn a1 = 3 ° .
Here's the design of the cutting hollow drill bit to make a brief analysis of the impact.
1, drill cutting rake angle change on the impact of
Rake angle on the cutting force of the impact
The changes will affect the anterior horn of the chip material deformation, so that the cutting force change. Chip deformation greater cutting forces greater; chip deformation is smaller, the smaller the cutting force. This angle is 0 ° ~ 15 ° range of changes, the cutting force correction coefficient ranges from 1.18 to 1.
Rake angle drill durability against impact
Increasing the rake angle drill, makes the tip strength and thermal volume decreases, while the tip will affect the force. This angle is positive, the tip tensile stress; current angle is negative, the tip compressive stress. Such as the selection of the rake angle is too large, although the increased drill sharpness, reduced cutting forces, but the carbide tipped saw blade  tip tensile stress suffered greater tip strength decreased, easily broken. In many drill cutting tests are due to excessive damage to the anterior horn. However, since the material to be machined high hardness and strength, coupled with a portable drill spindle and machine rigidity is low, such as the selection of the rake angle is too small, the increase in drilling cutting force causes the spindle vibration, vibration apparent machined surface pattern, drill durability will be reduced.
2, the posterior horn of the impact of changes on the drill cutting
After increasing flank angle can reduce the friction between the cutting material, reducing the surface of the extrusion process. However, if after the angle is too large, it will reduce the edge strength and heat dissipation.
Directly affects the size of the posterior horn drill durability. In the drilling process, the drill main wear to mechanical abrasion and wear of the phase change. Consider mechanical abrasion wear when cutting life is constant, the posterior horn of the larger cutting longer available; consider phase transition wear, after the drill angle increases cooling capacity will decrease. Bit wear, with the flank wear with a gradual widening gradually increase cutting power, heat generated by friction will gradually increase, the bit temperature, when the temperature rises to the bit phase transition temperature, the bit will appear rapid wear.
3, drill sharpening process on the impact of design
Hollow drill bit less dosage, processing small quantities, so the design should consider the drill process issues, as far as common machining equipment and tools used to achieve processing and grinding.
The rake chip out, so a direct impact on the shape of the rake face and chip performance chip shape. Used chips in the process of being squeezed and friction of the rake face, and further deformation. The maximum degree of deformation of the base metal chips and to slip along the rake face, the chips bottom length is longer, thereby forming a variety of crimp shape. When using a hollow drill bit and hope the chips into crumbs or ribbon cuttings, in order to facilitate chip removal. For ease of machining and grinding, must be designed for flat rake face, without chip breaking groove. Rake in use does not require re-grinding.
Hollow drill flank is most likely to re-grinding of the face, but also the fastest surface wear, so hollow drill flank grinding sharpening is achieved.
Deputy Vice flank divided into inner and outer flank minor flank. Heavy grinding perspective, re-grinding inner and outer flanks not easy to achieve, so minor flank shall be designed for a throwaway form.
Based on the above analysis, the hollow drill blade is designed in the form shown in Figure 1. Processing Practice has proved that the design can meet the requirements and tool regrinding requirements.
4, the cutting fluid used and the impact on the drill cutting
The main characteristics of the hollow drill processing hole of the core is not to be cut, thus cutting the hollow drill twist ratio was significantly reduced, the power required for drilling and cutting the heat generated is small.
High-speed steel drill with a hollow drill, because of the hardness of the bit processing area a great influence on the temperature, thus the drilling process must be cooled using a cooling fluid (eg without coolant, the start bit will wear the phase change and rapid wear of the ring saw blades  main wear and tear). We started using an external spray cooling, but bit-position horizontal axis machining, the coolant is not easy to enter the drill blade portion, a large consumption of cooling fluid, the cooling effect is not ideal. The redesigned drill spindle structure change, the external spray cooling becomes an internal spray cooling, the cooling fluid from the hollow drill core join, the coolant can reach the cutting part of the drill, thereby significantly reducing coolant consumption, improved cooling effect.
5, the hollow drill bit to use effects
A well-designed hollow drill bit should also meet the requirements of the following aspects: ① easy to manufacture, to use common tools and common tooling; ② easy re-sharpening, grinding machine can be used for general sharpening; ③ high efficiency, long life; ④ low prices.
We have developed a hollow drill basically reached the above requirements. In actual use, drill durability is stable up to 50 minutes, the diameter tolerance, surface roughness, all reached the design requirements. Because only regrinding flank, posterior horn drill easier to control, in an ordinary grinder can be easily implemented on sharpening.